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ENDNOTES
step 1 ‘ London widowhood reviewed: the brand new decline of women remarriage about 17th and you may very early 18th centuries ‘, Continuity and change 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Student
step three Wrigley , Age. Good. and you will Schofield , Roentgen. , The population reputation for England, 1541–1871: a reconstruction ( London , 1981 ) Recursos, 258 –9Google Pupil ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The new remarrying widow: a label reconsidered’, into the Early in the day , Yards. ed., Women in English society, 1500–1800 ( London area , 1985 ), 54 – 92 .Bing Beginner
4 Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows during the later Elizabethan London area: reily orientations’, during the Bonfield , L. , Smith , Roentgen. and you will Wrightson , K. eds., The nation you will find achieved ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Yahoo Beginner
5 Neither, we may include, did riches be certain that they (anecdotal evidence on the other hand), as well as recommended from the Nancy Adamson’s wanting ( ‘Urban family members: brand new public framework of London area elite group, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, School away from Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Google College student , reported by Steven Rappaport ( Globes inside worlds: formations away from lifetime when you look at the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], forty )Google Student , one to from the after sixteenth century specific 58 percent off aldermen’s widows, certainly the brand new richest and more than eligible of lovers, did not remarry.
six Discover Grigg , Susan , ‘ Into the a theory off remarriage: an instance examination of Newburyport early in the new nineteenth century ‘, Diary out-of Interdisciplinary Background 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Beginner
8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy as well as effects inside the middle-eighteenth-century London area: evidence of Foundling Healthcare ‘, Continuity and alter 4 ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle Beginner
nine ‘ Household and you will kinship: Ryton about later 16th and you may early seventeenth centuries ‘, Background Workshop 10 ( 1980 ), forty-two .Google Beginner
11 Ibid. Austen’s journal will bring understanding of a great generational change. Austen herself rejected remarriage once the infringing their private and you may monetary freedom plus their particular honour, while meanwhile recognizing you to definitely their unique mother’s remarriage to help you Alderman John Highlord in the early 1640s was part of the foundation to possess her own prosperity (Uk Collection, Incorporate. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).
several This new petition of the widows, in the and you may regarding the London and you may Westminster to own an effective redress of their complaints , repr. Harleian Miscellany ten ( London area , 1810 ), 170 –5.Google Student
fourteen The new category for the English world are talked about extremely commonly by the Linda Woodbridge, in women therefore the English Renaissance: literary works additionally the characteristics off womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Google College student
15 The text stops ‘that we widowes tends to be restored to the previous joyes because of the with plurality out-of suitors and you can every single day expectations of getting an excellent and you will lusty young husbands, towards tranquility of our own authorities and rejoycing of one’s soules, for ladies (even as we would have most of the business learn) wish to real time and you can dye from the people away from husbands’.
sixteen To other comparable mock petitions penned in this several months and you can afterwards, come across Smith , H. and you will Cardinale , S. , Feminine and books of one’s 17th century: a keen annotated bibliography ( Ny , 1990 ).Bing Pupil
17 Nicholles , A good. , A discourse off , J. , The fresh arraignment off …women, with a section with the ‘The new incur-baiting of vanity out-of widows’ ( 1615 )Yahoo Beginner ; Taylor , J. , The newest Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Bing College student
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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. A great. , ‘The brand new widow: a recurring figure inside Jacobean and you will Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, College or university of the latest Brunswick , 1978 ), 1 , 75 , 79 .Bing Pupil When i talked about in ‘The reples off widows whom chose never to wed and you may resisted importunate suitors. Stage widows is actually universally steeped, making sure that origin brings nothing recommendations for those guessing regarding the perceptions of the worst widow.